简答题________ refers to the rights inherent in a managerial position to tell people what to do and to expect them to do it. A、Responsibility B、Liability C、Bureaucracy D、Authority简答题The ________ determines the number of levels and managers in an organization. A、delegation of authority B、unity of command C、chain of command D、span of control简答题Which of the following statements accurately defines work specialization? A、It is the basis of grouping jobs together. B、Individual employees specialize in doing part of an activity rather than the entire activity. C、It is the line of authority extending from upper organizational levels to the lower levels. D、It clarifies who reports to whom.简答题If top managers make key decisions with little input from below, then the organization is ________. A、not mechanistic B、more decentralized C、not formalized D、more centralized简答题________ is the formal arrangement of jobs within an organization. A、Departmentalization B、Organizational design C、Organizational structure D、Work specialization简答题Organizational design is a process that involves decisions about ________. A、work specialization and cost-leadership B、chain of command and span of control C、centralization and differentiation D、departmentalization and diversification简答题In highly formalized organizations, employees have more discretion in how they do their work.简答题The process of grouping jobs together is known as ________. A、departmentalization B、centralization C、formalization D、decentralization简答题In case of functional departmentalization, jobs are grouped according to ________. A、tasks B、territories C、product lines D、customer flow简答题Departmentalization based on ________ groups jobs on the basis of territory or physical location. A、customer B、product C、geography D、process简答题A disadvantage of ________ departmentalization is poor communication across the different groups. A、geographic B、functional C、process D、customer简答题An organic organization strictly adheres to the chain-of-command principle and has a small span of control.简答题Employee empowerment gives employees more authority to make decisions.简答题The process of dividing work activities into separate job tasks is known as ________. A、work specialization B、differentiation C、chain of command D、span of control简答题________ departmentalization is based on the product or customer flow through the organization. A、Product B、Functional C、Process D、Customer