简答题Tact Maxim includes a. Minimize cost to other and b. ______________.简答题_________ condition relates to speaker’s state of mind.简答题The weightiness of the FTA involves three factors: social distance, ______________________, and absolute ranking of the imposition in a given culture.简答题A conversational implicature is capable of being ______________, either by an explicit declaration that the speaker is intending to mean otherwise, implicitly, by the co-text and context.简答题The concepts of competence and performance were proposed by ___________. A、Chomsky B、Saussure C、Bloomfield D、Halliday E、Chomsky简答题______________ verbs are those like “regret”, “realize” and “know” whose objects or objective clauses describe what has actually happened.简答题__________ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance. A、A locutionary act B、An illocutionary act C、A perlocutionary act D、A performative act简答题A conversational implicature is ______________ indeterminate to varying degrees.简答题According to J. L. Austin, there seems to be no clear-cut boundary between ______________ and acting.简答题“Can I borrow your bike?” ___ "You have a bike." A、is synonymous with B、is inconsistent with C、entails D、presupposes简答题Pragmatic equivalence can be divided into ____________ equivalence, implicature- oriented equivalence, politeness-oriented equivalence and poetic-effects-oriented equivalence.简答题_________ does not study meaning in isolation, but in context. A、Pragmatics B、Semantics C、 Sense relation D、Concept简答题Linguistic or semantic meaning of sentences is generally static, stable, objective, and basically ______________.简答题Claiming common ground between S and H is a ___________politeness strategy.简答题The development of linguistic skills involves the acquisition of ____ rules rather than the mere memorization of words and sentences. A、 cultural B、 grammatical C、behaviour D、 pragmatic简答题Understanding indirect speech acts requires more or less inference A、正确 B、错误简答题Social deixis is not as common in English as in Japanese and Chinese A、正确 B、错误简答题________ is believed to be a major source of incorrect forms resistant to further instruction. A、 The second language learners' unwillingness to learn B、The Poor classroom teaching C、The fossilization of the learner's interlanguage D、The learner's lack of instrumental motivation简答题Modesty Maxim includes a. Minimize praise of self and b. ______________.简答题According to Paul Grice (1975: 57-58), meaning can be natural or ______________.